How to Compare Prices by Unit Price

The price on the shelf tells you what a package costs. The unit price tells you what you're really paying. Here is how to use it, and when the cheapest unit price still isn't the best buy.

• 6 min read
01

Why the Shelf Price Misleads

A $3.20 jar looks cheaper than a $7.20 jar, but if the small one holds 16 oz and the big one 40 oz, you pay $0.20 per ounce for the small jar and $0.18 for the big one.

Unit price = Price ÷ Quantity

Package sizes vary so much that the shelf price on its own rarely tells you which is the better value.

02

Read the Unit Price Tag

Many stores print a unit price on the shelf tag, usually in smaller text next to the main price. Before you compare two tags, check that they use the same unit:

  • One brand might show per ounce and another per pound (16 times bigger).
  • Paper goods might show per roll on one tag and per 100 sheets on another.

If the units don't match, convert one of them, or work the unit prices out yourself.

03

Convert Units in Your Head

Three conversions cover most grocery shopping:

  • 1 lb = 16 oz. A price per pound ÷ 16 is the price per ounce.
  • 1 L ≈ 34 fl oz. A 2-liter bottle is about 68 fl oz.
  • 1 kg ≈ 2.2 lb. A price per kilogram is a little more than twice the price per pound.
$4.80 per lb÷ 16 =$0.30 per oz
04

Sales and Coupons Change the Winner

Recheck the unit price whenever a price changes. A 12 oz box at $3.00 and a 24 oz box at $5.40:

3.00 ÷ 12 = $0.25vs5.40 ÷ 24 = $0.225

The big box wins. But with a $1 coupon on the small box, it costs $2.00, which is 2 ÷ 12 = $0.167 per ounce. Now the small box is the better deal. Work out the sale price with the Percent Off Calculator, then compare unit prices.

05

Think in Cost per Use

For things you use up, like detergent, the best unit is the use, not the ounce, because concentrations differ. Laundry detergent bottles list the number of loads:

64 loads for $11.99→$0.187 per load
100 loads for $17.49→$0.175 per load

In the calculator, set the unit to items and enter the number of loads, servings or sheets as the quantity.

06

When Not to Buy Bigger

The lowest unit price only saves money if you use what you buy:

  • Food that spoils: throwing away part of a bulk pack can wipe out the savings.
  • Storage space: a deal you have nowhere to keep isn't a deal.
  • Budget timing: paying more up front for a big pack can squeeze the rest of the week's budget, even if it's cheaper per unit.
07

Practice Problems

Which is the better deal? Open each answer to check.

  1. 16 oz for $3.20, or 40 oz for $7.20?
    Show answer$0.20 vs $0.18 per oz: the 40 oz jar
  2. 2 lb for $5.60, or 24 oz for $4.32?
    Show answer2 lb = 32 oz: $0.175 vs $0.18 per oz, so the 2 lb bag
  3. A 6-pack of 12 oz cans for $4.50, or a 12-pack for $8.40?
    Show answer72 oz at $0.0625/oz vs 144 oz at about $0.0583/oz: the 12-pack
  4. 15 oz cans at "3 for $10", or one 15 oz can for $3.59?
    Show answer$10 ÷ 3 ≈ $3.33 per can, so the 3 for $10 deal, if you'll use all three
  5. Detergent: 40 loads for $9.99, or 64 loads for $14.99?
    Show answerAbout $0.250 vs $0.234 per load: the 64-load bottle