Long Division Calculator

➗ Long Division
Dividend ÷ Divisor Live result

Whole numbers or decimals, up to 15 digits. Negative numbers work too.

Examples:
Quotient and remainder Remainder 3
84 R 3
Quotient84
Remainder3
Mixed number84 3/7
Decimal84.428571…
Long division layout
Check: 84 × 7 + 3 = 591
Step-by-Step:

Long division breaks a big division into small steps you can do in your head. Type any two numbers to see the answer written out the way it's taught in school: the layout, every divide, multiply, subtract and bring-down step, and the answer as a remainder, a mixed number or a decimal.

Divide, Multiply, Subtract, Bring Down

Here is the first round of 591 ÷ 7. 7 doesn't go into 5, so start with 59. The second round repeats the same four steps with 31.

1. Divide

How many whole times does the divisor fit? Write it above.

59 ÷ 7→8

2. Multiply

Multiply that digit by the divisor. Write it underneath.

8 × 7=56

3. Subtract

Take it away. The result must be smaller than the divisor.

59 − 56=3

4. Bring Down

Bring the next digit down next to the result, and start again.

3 and 1→31
Round two

31 ÷ 7 = 4, 4 × 7 = 28, 31 − 28 = 3. Nothing is left to bring down, so 591 ÷ 7 = 84 R 3. If a subtraction ever gives a number as big as the divisor, the digit you picked was too small.

Don't Skip the Zero

Every digit you bring down earns a digit in the answer, even when the divisor doesn't fit. Here is 1,248 ÷ 12.

Skipped the 0 4 is too small, so it was jumped over
✗ 14
12 ÷ 12 = 1, then 48 ÷ 12 = 4
14 × 12 = 168, not 1,248
14
Wrote the 0 12 goes into 4 zero times
✓ 104
12 ÷ 12 = 1, 4 ÷ 12 = 0, 48 ÷ 12 = 4
104 × 12 = 1,248 ✓
104
Estimate first 1,248 ÷ 12 is roughly 1,200 ÷ 12 = 100, so a two-digit answer like 14 can't be right. A quick estimate catches a missing zero before you check.

Four Ways to Write the Answer

The same division can be written as a remainder, a fraction or a decimal. Which one is right depends on what you're dividing.

Form591 ÷ 7Use it when
Remainder84 R 3Things can't be split: 591 marbles in bags of 7 leaves 3 over
Mixed number84 3/7Fraction work: the remainder goes over the divisor
Decimal84.43Money and measurements, rounded to a sensible place
Rounded up85Everyone needs a place: 591 people in vans of 7 need 85 vans
A remainder is not a decimal 84 R 3 is not 84.3. The 3 is three sevenths, so it's 84 3/7, about 84.43. To get decimal places, keep dividing: switch the calculator above to Decimal answer.

Dividing by a Decimal

Long division needs a whole-number divisor. Shift both decimal points the same way and the answer doesn't change.

  1. Make the Divisor Whole

    In 4.5 ÷ 0.15, move the point in 0.15 two places right: it becomes 15.

  2. Move the Dividend the Same

    Move the point in 4.5 two places too, adding a zero: it becomes 450. Both numbers were multiplied by 100.

  3. Divide, Point Straight Up

    450 ÷ 15 = 30. If the dividend still has a decimal point, put the answer's point directly above it.

Check It on a 4 Function Calculator

A basic calculator gives decimals, not remainders. Multiply back to check, or to find the remainder.

Check 84 R 3

84×7+3=
591

Find the Remainder

591÷7=84.43, then591−588=
3

Decimal Answer

22÷8=
2.75
Learn more

Work through more examples, including two-digit divisors, in How to Do Long Division: Steps and Examples.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you do long division?

Repeat four steps: divide, multiply, subtract, bring down. For 591 ÷ 7: 7 goes into 59 eight times, 8 × 7 = 56, 59 − 56 = 3, bring down the 1 to make 31. Then 7 goes into 31 four times, 4 × 7 = 28, 31 − 28 = 3. No digits are left, so the answer is 84 remainder 3.

What does the R mean in a division answer?

R stands for remainder: the amount left over after dividing as many whole times as possible. 591 ÷ 7 = 84 R 3 means 7 fits into 591 a total of 84 times with 3 left over, because 84 × 7 + 3 = 591.

Why is there a 0 in the middle of my answer?

When the divisor doesn't fit after you bring down a digit, that digit of the answer is 0. 1,248 ÷ 12 is 104, not 14: after 12 ÷ 12 = 1, the 4 brought down is too small for 12, so you write 0 and bring down the 8 to make 48.

How do you turn a remainder into a decimal?

Put a decimal point after the dividend and in the answer, then keep bringing down zeros. 22 ÷ 8 = 2 R 6. Bring down a 0 to get 60: 60 ÷ 8 = 7 R 4. Bring down another 0 to get 40: 40 ÷ 8 = 5 R 0. The answer is 2.75.

How do you do long division with a decimal divisor?

Move the divisor's decimal point right until it's a whole number, and move the dividend's point the same number of places. 4.5 ÷ 0.15 becomes 450 ÷ 15 = 30. The answer doesn't change because both numbers were multiplied by 100.

How do I check a long division answer?

Multiply the quotient by the divisor and add the remainder. You should get the dividend back: for 591 ÷ 7 = 84 R 3, 84 × 7 + 3 = 588 + 3 = 591.